01

Muḥarram
(ٱلْمُحَرَّم)

A sacred month, so-called because battle and all kinds …

02

Ṣafar
(صَفَر)

Supposedly named thus because pre-Islamic Arab …

03

Rabī‘ al-awwal
(رَبِيع ٱلْأَوَّل)

Also means to graze, because cattle were grazed …

04

Rabī‘ ath-thānī
(رَبِيع ٱلْآخِر)

Also means to graze, because cattle were grazed …

05

Jumādá al-ūlá
(جُمَادَىٰ ٱلْأُولَىٰ )

Often considered the pre-Islamic summer. Jumādá …

06

Jumādá al-ākhirah
(جُمَادَىٰ ٱلْآخِرَة)

The word Jumada denotes dry and patched land …

07

Rajab
(رَجَب)

This is the second sacred month in which fighting …

08

Sha‘bān
(شَعْبَان)

Marked the time of year when Arab tribes dispersed…

09

Ramaḍān
(رَمَضَان)

Burning is related to fasting as in empty stomach…

10

Shawwāl
(شَوَّال)

She-camels would normally be in calf at this …

11

Dhū al-Qa‘dah
(ذُو ٱلْقَعْدَة)

This is a holy month during which war is banned…

12

Dhū al-Ḥijjah
(ذُو ٱلْحِجَّة)

During this month Muslim pilgrims from…